iOS
i) Features
- ARKit: augmented reality (AR) framework called ARKit enables developers to build apps with immersive AR experiences for devices that support iOS 11 and above. ARKit essentially blends digital objects and content with the environment of the users around them.
- Document Scanning in Notes: Document Scanner function that can automatically detect when a photo of a document is taken. And then the Notes app automatically crops the edges and removes tilts and glares.
- Do not disturb while driving: Do Not Disturb feature by providing an option so that you do not get distracted while driving.
- Indoor maps/ lane guidance: This feature let user to view the indoor maps of hundreds of shopping centers and major airports. Now user can see which restaurants are beyond security at airports and the stores that are on each level of the mall.
- Multitasking: iOS can enable many apps to run all together in one time, which make completing tasks more efficeintly and faster.
- Lock screen notification in one place: Apple has improved the user interface of the Lock Screen in iOS 11 by combining all your notifications in one place.
- Real time translation: Through the power of machine learning and artificial intelligence, Siri has a much more natural sounding voice and is much more expressive in iOS 11.
- Voice control: iOS voice control can help user to do task without letting them to touch the smartphone, currently voice control AI is known as Siri. Siri does have a lot of function to ease user daily life.
ii) Development
Swift
Swift is a general-purpose, multi-paradigm, compiled programming language developed by Apple Inc. for iOS, MacOS, WatchOS, tvOS, and Linux. Swift is designed to work with Apple's Cocoa and Cocoa Touch frameworks and the large body of existing Objective-C (ObjC) code written for Apple products.
Objective-C
Objective-C is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language that adds Smalltalk-style messaging to the C programming language. It was the main language used by Apple for the OS X and iOS operating systems, and their respective application programming interfaces (APIs) Cocoa and Cocoa Touch prior to the introduction of Swift.
iii) Architecture
Cocoa Touch Layer
It is a top layer of the iPhone OS stack and it contains the frameworks that are most commonly used by iPhone application developers. Cocoa Touch is primarily written in Objective-C, and it is based on the standard Mac OS X Cocoa API.
It is a top layer of the iPhone OS stack and it contains the frameworks that are most commonly used by iPhone application developers. Cocoa Touch is primarily written in Objective-C, and it is based on the standard Mac OS X Cocoa API.
Media Layer
It is the second layer from the top of the stack. It provides the iPhone OS with audio, video, animation and graphics capabilities. As with the other layers of the iPhone OS stack, the Media layer comprises a number of frameworks that can be utilized when developing iPhone apps.
Core Services Layer
It is the third layer from the top of the stack. The iPhone Core Services layer provides much of the foundation on which the above layers are built.
Core OS Layer
The Core OS Layer is the bottom layer of the iPhone OS stack and sits directly on top of the device hardware. This layer provides a variety of services including low level networking, access to external accessories and the usual fundamental operating system services such as memory management, file system handling and threads.
iv) Security technology/ mode
Transport Layer Security
- NSURL Connection and Session use ATS
- ATS requires TLS 1.2 and strong certificates
- Apps must opt-out
Data Protection
- Encrypt every file with a unique 256-bit key
- Per-file keys are wrapped with a "class" key
- class = security policy
v) Version History
·
·
iPhone
OS 1.x (2007)
-
Pre-installed
Apps: Mail, Safari, Calendar, Photos, Notes, etc
-
First
ever touch screen mobile phone OS
-
First
ever on screen keyboard
-
Custom
shortcut by double clicking the Home button (in update 1.1.1)
·
iPhone
OS 2.x (2008)
- Improved
language support
- Characters
of password are momentarily visible when typing
-
Calculator
was once again updated
-
Possibility
of contact searching
-
Ability
of importing contacts
-
Ability
to move and delete multiple emails
·
iPhone
OS 3.x (2010)
-
Sending/receive
MMS
-
Improvements
in cut, copy and paste options
-
Landscape
keyboard functionality is added
-
Improved
battery usage
-
Video
recording with the camera app
-
Manor
enhancements in SMS application which is renamed to Messages
-
Safari
passed with 97/100 points the Acid Test and with this release support HTML5
tags
·
iOS
4.x (2010)
-
Multitasking
-
Support
for retina display
-
FaceTime
video call
-
Ability
to add the apps into folders
-
Possibility
to organize by thread in Mail
-
Improvements
in Bluetooth and animations
·
iOS
5.x (2012)
- Introduction
of Newsstand – it is designated to display the papers and magazines downloaded
from App Store
- Siri
integration – a voice enabled intelligent personal assistant and knowledge
navigator
- iMessage
– the users of Apple devices may send through Wi-Fi and 3G texts, photos,
video, locations and contacts to other similar devices
-
Twitter
integration
- Mail
improvement – users may flag some emails, the texts may be bolded, italicized
and underlined and new email folder may be added
-
iCloud
– a new cloud service from Apple allowing to back up Apple devices
·
iOS
6.x (2014)
-
Improvement
in Siri
-
Improvement
Email and Settings
-
Integrated
YouTube app was removed
-
Maps
was powered by Apple’s team rather than by Google
-
Integration
of Passbook to make purchases in iTunes
·
iOS
7.x (Major UI revamp) (2014)
-
Skeuomorphism
is replaced with the flat design and simplistic approach for a digitally
authentic interface
-
Control
Center replacing Setting
-
The
system font has changed to Helvetica Neue Regular
-
Full
Screen apps that make use of the system status bar and navigation bar
-
Improved
features in pre-installed Apps
·
iOS
8.x (2015)
- More consistent and stable operation returned to the iOS in version 8.0.
- Contact-less payment system Apple Pay
- improvements to the iCloud platform
·
iOS
9.x (2015)
-
Will
work only on iPad Air 2 and later version
-
The
keyboard now doubles up as a trackpad
-
Will
suggest apps based on usage habits
-
Save
content from browser directly to notes
iOS 10.x (2016)
- Themes of iOS 10 were interoperability and customization.
- New ways to customize their experiences
- Many ways Apple locked down the interface of the apps
iOS 11.x (2017)
- Expanded to support the iPod touch and iPad
- Added Augmented Reality function
- Airplay 2
- Major enhancement on iPad
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